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may 15, 2000 1 mic39300/39301 mic39300/39301 micrel mic39300/39301 3a low-voltage low-dropout regulator final information micrel, inc. ?1849 fortune drive ?san jose, ca 95131 ?usa ?tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 ?fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 ?http://www.mic rel.com general description the mic39300 and mic39301 are 3.0a low-dropout linear voltage regulators that provide a low voltage, high-current output with a minimum of external components. utilizing micrel? proprietary super eta pnp pass element, the mic39300/1 offers extremely low dropout (typically 400mv at 3.0a) and low ground current (typically 36ma at 3.0a). the mic39300/1 is ideal for pc add-in cards that need to convert from standard 3.3v to 2.5v or 2.5v to 1.8v. a guaranteed maximum dropout voltage of 500mv over all operating conditions allows the mic39300/1 to provide 2.5v from a supply as low as 3v, and 1.8v from a supply as low as 2.5v. the mic39300/1 also has fast transient response for heavy switching applications. the device requires only 47 f of output capacitance to maintain stability and achieve fast transient response the mic39300/1 is fully protected with overcurrent limiting, thermal shutdown, reversed-battery protection, reversed- leakage protection, and reversed-lead insertion. the mic39301 offers a ttl-logic compatible enable pin and an error flag that indicates under voltage and over current conditions. offered in fixed voltages, the mic39300/1 comes in the to-220 and to-263 packages and is an ideal upgrade to older, npn-based linear voltage regulators. typical application mic39300-2.5 in out gnd 47f v in 3.3v v out 2.5v mic39300 features 3.0a minimum guaranteed output current 500mv maximum dropout voltage over temperature ideal for 3.0v to 2.5v conversion ideal for 2.5v to 1.8v conversion 1% initial accuracy low ground current current limiting and thermal shutdown reversed-battery protection reversed-leakage protection fast transient response to-263 and to-220 packaging ttl/cmos compatible enable pin (mic39301 only) error flag output (mic39301 only) applications ldo linear regulator for pc add-in cards high-efficiency linear power supplies smps post regulator multimedia and pc processor supplies low-voltage microcontrollers strongarm processor supply strongarm is a trademark of advanced risc machines, ltd. ordering information part number voltage junction temp. range package mic39300-1.8bt 1.8v 40 c to +125 c 3-lead to-220 mic39300-1.8bu 1.8v 40 c to +125 c 3-lead to-263 mic39301-1.8bt 1.8v 40 c to +125 c 5-lead to-220 mic39301-1.8bu 1.8v 40 c to +125 c 5-lead to-263 mic39300-2.5bt 2.5v 40 c to +125 c 3-lead to-220 mic39300-2.5bu 2.5v 40 c to +125 c 3-lead to-263 mic39301-2.5bt 2.5v 40 c to +125 c 5-lead to-220 mic39301-2.5bu 2.5v 40 c to +125 c 5-lead to-263 mic39301-2.5 in out gnd 47f v in 3.3v v out 2.5v en flg error flag output enable shutdown 100k ? mic39301
mic39300/39301 micrel mic39300/39301 2 may 15, 2000 pin description pin number pin number pin name pin function mic39300 mic39301 1 en enable (input): ttl/cmos compatible input. logic high = enable; logic low or open = shutdown. 1 2 in unregulated input: +16v maximum supply. 2, tab 3, tab gnd ground: ground pin and tab are internally connected. 3 4 out regulator output 5 flg error flag (ouput): open-collector indicates an output fault condition. active low. pin configuration tab 3 out 2 gnd 1in mic39300-x.xbt to-220-3 (t) tab 5 flg 4 out 3 gnd 2in 1en mic39301-x.xbt to-220-5 (t) tab 3 out 2 gnd 1in mic39300-x.xbu to-263-3 (u) tab 5 flg 4 out 3 gnd 2in 1en mic39301-x.xbu to-263-5 (u)
may 15, 2000 3 mic39300/39301 mic39300/39301 micrel absolute maximum ratings (note 1) supply voltage (v in ) ..................................... 20v to +20v enable voltage (v en ) .................................................. +20v storage temperature (t s ) ....................... 65 c to +150 c lead temperature (soldering, 5 sec.) ....................... 260 c esd, note 3 operating ratings (note 2) supply voltage (v in ) .................................... +2.5v to +16v enable voltage (v en ) .................................................. +16v maximum power dissipation (p d(max) ) .................... note 4 junction temperature (t j ) ....................... 40 c to +125 c package thermal resistance to-263 ( jc ) ......................................................... 2 c/w to-220 ( jc ) ......................................................... 2 c/w electrical characteristics t j = 25 c, bold values indicate 40 c t j +125 c; unless noted symbol parameter condition min typ max units v out output voltage 10ma 11% 10ma i out 3a, v out + 1v v in 8v 22 % line regulation i out = 10ma, v out + 1v v in 8v 0.06 0.5 % load regulation v in = v out + 1v, 10ma i out 3a 0.2 1 % ? v out / ? t output voltage temp. coefficient, 20 100 ppm/ c note 5 v do dropout voltage, note 6 & 9 i out = 100ma, ? v out = 1% 65 200 mv i out = 750ma, ? v out = 1% 185 mv i out = 1.5a, ? v out = 1% 250 mv i out = 3a, ? v out = 1% 385 550 mv i gnd ground current, note 7 i out = 750ma, v in = v out + 1v 10 20 ma i out = 1.5a, v in = v out + 1v 17 ma i out = 3a, v in = v out + 1v 45 ma i gnd(do) dropout ground pin current v in v out(nominal) 0.5v, i out = 10ma 6 ma i out(lim) current limit v out = 0v, v in = v out + 1v 4.5 a enable input (mic39301) v en enable input voltage logic low (off) 0.8 v logic high (on) 2.5 v i in enable input current v en = 2.5v 15 30 a 75 a v en = 0.8v 2 a 4 a i out(shdn) shutdown output current note 8 10 20 a flag output (mic39301) i flg(leak) output leakage current v oh = 16v 0.01 1 a 2 a v flg(do) output low voltage v in = 2.50v, i ol , = 250 a, note 9 220 300 mv 400 mv v flg low threshold % of v out 93 % high threshold % of v out 99.2 % hysteresis 1%
mic39300/39301 micrel mic39300/39301 4 may 15, 2000 note 1. exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. note 2. the device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. note 3. devices are esd sensitive. handling precautions recommended. note 4. p d(max) = (t j(max) t a ) ja , where ja depends upon the printed circuit layout. see applications information. note 5. output voltage temperature coefficient is ? v out(worst case) (t j(max) t j(min) ) where t j(max) is +125 c and t j(min) is 40 c. note 6. v do = v in v out when v out decreases to 99% of its nominal output voltage with v in = v out + 1v. for output voltages below 2.5v, dropout voltage is the input-to-output voltage differential with the minimum input voltage being 2.5v. minimum input operating voltage is 2.5v. note 7. i gnd is the quiescent current. i in = i gnd + i out . note 8. v en 0.8v, v in 8v, and v out = 0v note 9. for a 1.8v device, v in = 2.5v.
may 15, 2000 5 mic39300/39301 mic39300/39301 micrel typical characteristics 0 10 20 30 40 50 1x10 1 1x10 2 1x10 3 1x10 4 1x10 5 1x10 6 psrr (db) frequency ( hz ) power supply vs. ripple rejection v out = 2.5v v in = 3.3v c out = 47 f i load = 3a 0 10 20 30 40 50 1x10 1 1x10 2 1x10 3 1x10 4 1x10 5 1x10 6 psrr (db) frequency ( hz ) power supply vs. ripple rejection v out = 2.5v v in = 3.3v c out = 100 f i load = 3a 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 1000 2000 3000 dropout voltage (mv) output current (ma) dropout voltage vs. output current v out = 1.8v v out = 2.5v 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 dropout voltage (mv) temperature ( c) dropout voltage vs. temperature i load = 3.0a v out = 1.8v v out = 2.5v 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 output voltage (v) input voltage (v) dropout characteristics i load = 100ma i load = 1.5a i load = 3a 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 1000 2000 3000 ground current (ma) output current (ma) ground current vs. output current v out = 1.8v v out = 2.5v 0 2 4 6 8 10 024681012 ground current (ma) supply voltage (v) ground current vs. supply voltage i load = 10ma i load = 100ma 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 024681012 ground current (ma) supply voltage (v) ground current vs. supply voltage i load = 1000ma i load = 3000ma i load = 1500ma 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 ground current (ma) temperature ( c) ground current vs. temperature i load = 10ma v out = 1.8v v out = 2.5v 0 5 10 15 20 25 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 ground current (ma) temperature ( c) ground current vs. temperature i load = 1500ma v out = 1.8v v out = 2.5v 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 ground current (ma) temperature ( c) ground current vs. temperature i load = 3000a v out = 1.8v v out = 2.5v 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 short circuit current (a) temperature ( c) short circuit vs. temperature typical 2.5v device typical 1.8v device v in =v out (nom) + 1v v out = 0
mic39300/39301 micrel mic39300/39301 6 may 15, 2000 2.40 2.42 2.44 2.46 2.48 2.50 2.52 2.54 2.56 2.58 2.60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 enable current a) temperature ( c) enable current vs. temperature i load = 10ma t y pical 2.5v device 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 100010000 flag voltage (v) resistance (k ? ) error flag pull-up resistor v in = 5v flag high (ok) flag low (fault) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100120140 enable current a) temperature ( c) enable current vs. temperature v in = v out + 1v v en = 2.5v 0 50 100 150 200 250 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100120140 flag voltage (mv) temperature ( c) flag-low voltage vs. temperature v in = 2.5v r pull-up = 22k ? flag-low voltage load transient response time (500 s/div.) load current (1a/div.) output voltage (200mv/div.) v in = 3.3v v out = 2.5v c out = 47 f 3a 10ma load transient response time (500 s/div.) load current (1a/div.) output voltage (100mv/div.) v in = 3.3v v out = 2.5v c out = 100 f 3a 100ma line transient response time (100 s/div.) input voltage (2v/div.) output voltage (50mv/div.) v out = 2.5v i l = 10ma c out = 47 f 5v 3.3v
may 15, 2000 7 mic39300/39301 mic39300/39301 micrel functional diagram ref. 18v o.v. i limit thermal shut- down 1.240v 1.180v en* in flag* gnd out * mic39301 only
mic39300/39301 micrel mic39300/39301 8 may 15, 2000 applications information the mic39300/1 is a high-performance low-dropout voltage regulator suitable for moderate to high-current voltage regu- lator applications. its 500mv dropout voltage at full load makes it especially valuable in battery-powered systems and as a high-efficiency noise filter in post-regulator applications. unlike older npn-pass transistor designs, where the mini- mum dropout voltage is limited by the base-to-emitter voltage drop and collector-to-emitter saturation voltage, dropout per- formance of the pnp output of these devices is limited only by the low v ce saturation voltage. a trade-off for the low dropout voltage is a varying base drive requirement. micrel s super eta pnp process reduces this drive requirement to only 2% to 5% of the load current. the mic39300/1 regulator is fully protected from damage due to fault conditions. current limiting is provided. this limiting is linear; output current during overload conditions is constant. thermal shutdown disables the device when the die temperature exceeds the maximum safe operating tem- perature. transient protection allows device (and load) sur- vival even when the input voltage spikes above and below nominal. the output structure of these regulators allows voltages in excess of the desired output voltage to be applied without reverse current flow. mic39300-x.x in out gnd c in c out v in v out figure 1. capacitor requirements thermal design linear regulators are simple to use. the most complicated design parameters to consider are thermal characteristics. thermal design requires four application-specific param- eters: maximum ambient temperature (t a ) output current (i out ) output voltage (v out ) input voltage (v in ) ground current (i gnd ) calculate the power dissipation of the regulator from these numbers and the device parameters from this datasheet, where the ground current is taken from the data sheet. p d = (v in v out ) i out + v in i gnd the heat sink thermal resistance is determined by: ?? sa j(max) a d jc cs tt p = ? ?+ () where t j (max) 125 c and cs is between 0 and 2 c/w. the heat sink may be significantly reduced in applications where the minimum input voltage is known and is large compared with the dropout voltage. use a series input resistor to drop excessive voltage and distribute the heat between this resistor and the regulator. the low dropout properties of micrel super eta pnp regulators allow signifi- cant reductions in regulator power dissipation and the asso- ciated heat sink without compromising performance. when this technique is employed, a capacitor of at least 1.0 f is needed directly between the input and regulator ground. refer to application note 9 for further details and examples on thermal design and heat sink specification. output capacitor the mic39300/1 requires an output capacitor to maintain stability and improve transient response. proper capacitor selection is important to ensure proper operation. the mic39300/1 output capacitor selection is dependent upon the esr (equivalent series resistance) of the output capacitor to maintain stability. when the output capacitor is 47 f or greater, the output capacitor should have less than 1 ? of esr. this will improve transient response as well as promote stability. ultralow esr capacitors, such as ceramic chip capacitors may promote instability. these very low esr levels may cause an oscillation and/or underdamped tran- sient response. a low-esr solid tantalum capacitor works extremely well and provides good transient response and stability over temperature. aluminum electrolytics can also be used, as long as the esr of the capacitor is < 1 ? . the value of the output capacitor can be increased without limit. higher capacitance values help to improve transient response and ripple rejection and reduce output noise. input capacitor an input capacitor of 1 f or greater is recommended when the device is more than 4 inches away from the bulk ac supply capacitance, or when the supply is a battery. small, surface- mount, ceramic chip capacitors can be used for the bypass- ing. larger values will help to improve ripple rejection by bypassing the input to the regulator, further improving the integrity of the output voltage. transient response and 3.3v to 2.5v and 2.5v to 1.8v conversions the mic39300/1 has excellent transient response to varia- tions in input voltage and load current. the device has been designed to respond quickly to load current variations and input voltage variations. large output capacitors are not required to obtain this performance. a standard 47 f output capacitor, preferably tantalum, is all that is required. larger values help to improve performance even further. by virtue of its low-dropout voltage, this device does not saturate into dropout as readily as similar npn-based de- signs. when converting from 3.3v to 2.5v or 2.5v to 1.8v, the npn-based regulators are already operating in dropout, with typical dropout requirements of 1.2v or greater. to convert down to 2.5v without operating in dropout, npn-based regulators require an input voltage of 3.7v at the very least. the mic39300/1 regulator will provide excellent performance with an input as low as 3.0v or 2.5v. this gives the pnp- based regulators a distinct advantage over older, npn-based linear regulators.
may 15, 2000 9 mic39300/39301 mic39300/39301 micrel minimum load current the mic39300/1 regulator is specified between finite loads. if the output current is too small, leakage currents dominate and the output voltage rises. a 10ma minimum load current is necessary for proper regulation. error flag the mic39301 version features an error flag circuit which monitors the output voltage and signals an error condition when the voltage drops 5% below the nominal output voltage. the error flag is an open-collector output that can sink 10ma during a fault condition. low output voltage can be caused by a number of problems, including an overcurrent fault (device in current limit) or low input voltage. the flag is inoperative during overtemperature shutdown. when the error flag is not used, it is best to leave it open. the flag pin can be tied directly to pin 4, the output pin. enable input the mic39301 version features an enable input for on/off control of the device. its shutdown state draws zero current (only microamperes of leakage). the enable input is ttl/ cmos compatible for simple logic interface, but can be connected to up to 20v. when enabled, it draws approxi- mately 15 a.
mic39300/39301 micrel mic39300/39301 10 may 15, 2000 package information 0.018 0.008 (0.46 0.020) 0.100 0.005 (2.54 0.13) 0.030 0.003 (0.76 0.08) 0.050 0.003 (1.27 .08) 7 1.140 0.010 (28.96 0.25) 0.356 0.005 (9.04 0.13) 0.590 0.005 (14.99 0.13) 0.108 0.005 (2.74 0.13) 0.050 0.005 (1.27 0.13) 0.151 d 0.005 (3.84 d 0.13) 0.410 0.010 (10.41 0.25) 0.176 0.005 (4.47 0.13) 0.100 0.020 (2.54 0.51) 0.818 0.005 (20.78 0.13) 7 3 dimensions: inch (mm) 3-lead to-220 (t) 0.018 0.008 (0.46 0.20) 0.268 ref (6.81 ref) 0.032 0.005 (0.81 0.13) 0.550 0.010 (13.97 0.25) 7 typ. seating plane 0.578 0.018 (14.68 0.46) 0.108 0.005 (2.74 0.13) 0.050 0.005 (1.27 0.13) 0.150 d 0.005 (3.81 d 0.13) 0.400 0.015 (10.16 0.38) 0.177 0.008 (4.50 0.20) 0.103 0.013 (2.62 0.33) 0.241 0.017 (6.12 0.43) 0.067 0.005 (1.70 0.127) inch (mm) dimensions: 5-lead to-220-5 (t)
may 15, 2000 11 mic39300/39301 mic39300/39301 micrel 0.360 0.005 0.600 0.025 0.405 0.005 0.100 bsc 0.050 0.050 0.005 0.176 0.005 8 max 0.100 0.01 0.050 0.005 0.015 0.002 0.004 +0.004 0.008 seating plane 0.065 0.010 20 2 dim. = inch 3-lead to-263 (u) 0.067 0.005 0.032 0.003 0.360 0.005 0.600 0.025 0.405 0.005 0.060 0.005 0.176 0.005 8 max 0.100 0.01 0.050 0.005 0.015 0.002 0.004 +0.004 0.008 seating plane 0.065 0.010 20 2 dim. = inch 5-lead to-263-5 (u)
mic39300/39301 micrel mic39300/39301 12 may 15, 2000 micrel inc. 1849 fortune drive san jose, ca 95131 usa tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 web http://www.micrel.com this information is believed to be accurate and reliable, however no responsibility is assumed by micrel for its use nor for an y infringement of patents or other rights of third parties resulting from its use. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or pat ent right of micrel inc. ? 2000 micrel incorporated

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